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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (26)
  • 2020-2024  (26)
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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (26)
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  • 2020-2024  (26)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Marital Status and Overall Survival in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: Results of an Ancillary Analysis of NRG Oncology/RTOG 9704
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  The Oncologist Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2020-03-01), p. e477-e483
    Details
    In: The Oncologist, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2020-03-01), p. e477-e483
    Abstract: Several registry-based analyses suggested a survival advantage for married versus single patients with pancreatic cancer. The mechanisms underlying the association of marital status and survival are likely multiple and complex and, therefore, may be obscured in analyses generated from large population-based databases. The goal of this research was to characterize this potential association of marital status with outcomes in patients with resected pancreatic cancer who underwent combined modality adjuvant therapy on a prospective clinical trial. Materials and Methods This is an ancillary analysis of 367 patients with known marital status treated on NRG Oncology/RTOG 97-04. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Of 367 patients, 271 (74%) were married or partnered and 96 (26%) were single. Married or partnered patients were more likely to be male. There was no association between marital status and overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) on univariate (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09 and 1.01, respectively) or multivariate analyses (HR, 1.05 and 0.98, respectively). Married or partnered male patients did not have improved survival compared with female or single patients. Conclusion Ancillary analysis of data from NRG Oncology/RTOG 97-04 demonstrated no association between marital and/or partner status and OS or DFS in patients with resected pancreatic cancer who received adjuvant postoperative chemotherapy followed by concurrent external beam radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Clinical trial identification number. NCT00003216.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1083-7159 , 1549-490X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0562
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2023829-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Climate Change and Recreation in the Western United States: Effects and Opportunities for Adaptation
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Forestry Vol. 120, No. 4 ( 2022-07-01), p. 453-472
    Details
    In: Journal of Forestry, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 120, No. 4 ( 2022-07-01), p. 453-472
    Abstract: Climate change is affecting natural resources globally, altering ecosystems that support outdoor recreation. In the western United States, effects such as warming temperatures, increased drought, reduced snowpack, and widespread wildfires will change the outdoor recreation landscape. In this article, we synthesize the state of science regarding the effects of climate change on outdoor recreation in the western US and summarize adaptation options that can reduce the consequences of climate change, considering the adaptive capacities of recreationists and managers. We draw from a series of climate change assessments in which researchers and managers collaborated to understand recreation vulnerability to climate change and develop effective adaptations. We conclude that building climate resilience requires a shift in planning and resource allocation decisions, including (1) longer-term planning timeframes, (2) interdisciplinary teams, and (3) collaboration among agencies, recreation providers, and communities. Study Implications: Outdoor recreation in the western US is changing due to the effects of climate change. Organized by five recreational categories, this study describes the vulnerability of outdoor recreation to climate change and synthesizes strategies to adapt recreation management to these vulnerabilities. Multiple direct and indirect factors influence individual recreationists’ and land managers’ capacities to adapt to climate change, as we describe through a diagram. Climate-resilient land management requires long-term planning, integration of multiple resource areas, and collaboration across agencies, recreation providers, and communities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1201 , 1938-3746
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jofore/fvab072
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2477187-9
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Absolute and Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Primary and Booster Series of COVID-19 Vaccines (mRNA and Adenovirus Vector) Against COVID-19 Hospitalizations in the United States, December 2021–April 2022
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Open Forum Infectious Diseases Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2023-01-04)
    Details
    In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2023-01-04)
    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are increasingly reporting relative VE (rVE) comparing a primary series plus booster doses with a primary series only. Interpretation of rVE differs from traditional studies measuring absolute VE (aVE) of a vaccine regimen against an unvaccinated referent group. We estimated aVE and rVE against COVID-19 hospitalization in primary-series plus first-booster recipients of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods Booster-eligible immunocompetent adults hospitalized at 21 medical centers in the United States during December 25, 2021–April 4, 2022 were included. In a test-negative design, logistic regression with case status as the outcome and completion of primary vaccine series or primary series plus 1 booster dose as the predictors, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate aVE and rVE. Results A total of 2060 patients were analyzed, including 1104 COVID-19 cases and 956 controls. Relative VE against COVID-19 hospitalization in boosted mRNA vaccine recipients versus primary series only was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55%–74%); aVE was 81% (95% CI, 75%–86%) for boosted versus 46% (95% CI, 30%–58%) for primary. For boosted Janssen vaccine recipients versus primary series, rVE was 49% (95% CI, −9% to 76%); aV E was 62% (95% CI, 33%–79%) for boosted versus 36% (95% CI, −4% to 60%) for primary. Conclusions Vaccine booster doses increased protection against COVID-19 hospitalization compared with a primary series. Comparing rVE measures across studies can lead to flawed interpretations of the added value of a new vaccination regimen, whereas difference in aVE, when available, may be a more useful metric.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2328-8957
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac698
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757767-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Changing Severity and Epidemiology of Adults Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States After Introduction of COVID-19 Vaccines, March 2021–August 2022
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 77, No. 4 ( 2023-08-22), p. 547-557
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 77, No. 4 ( 2023-08-22), p. 547-557
    Abstract: Understanding the changing epidemiology of adults hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) informs research priorities and public health policies. Methods Among adults (≥18 years) hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 between 11 March 2021, and 31 August 2022 at 21 hospitals in 18 states, those hospitalized during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron-predominant period (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5) were compared to those from earlier Alpha- and Delta-predominant periods. Demographic characteristics, biomarkers within 24 hours of admission, and outcomes, including oxygen support and death, were assessed. Results Among 9825 patients, median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 60 years (47–72), 47% were women, and 21% non-Hispanic Black. From the Alpha-predominant period (Mar–Jul 2021; N = 1312) to the Omicron BA.4/BA.5 sublineage-predominant period (Jun–Aug 2022; N = 1307): the percentage of patients who had ≥4 categories of underlying medical conditions increased from 11% to 21%; those vaccinated with at least a primary COVID-19 vaccine series increased from 7% to 67%; those ≥75 years old increased from 11% to 33%; those who did not receive any supplemental oxygen increased from 18% to 42%. Median (IQR) highest C-reactive protein and D-dimer concentration decreased from 42.0 mg/L (9.9–122.0) to 11.5 mg/L (2.7–42.8) and 3.1 mcg/mL (0.8–640.0) to 1.0 mcg/mL (0.5–2.2), respectively. In-hospital death peaked at 12% in the Delta-predominant period and declined to 4% during the BA.4/BA.5-predominant period. Conclusions Compared to adults hospitalized during early COVID-19 variant periods, those hospitalized during Omicron-variant COVID-19 were older, had multiple co-morbidities, were more likely to be vaccinated, and less likely to experience severe respiratory disease, systemic inflammation, coagulopathy, and death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad276
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases ( 2023-08-08)
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2023-08-08)
    Abstract: Scarce data are available comparing infective endocarditis (IE) following surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation, microbiological profile, management, and outcomes of IE after SAVR versus TAVR. Methods Data were collected from the “Infectious Endocarditis after TAVR International” (enrollment from 2005 to 2020) and the “International Collaboration on Endocarditis” (enrollment from 2000 to 2012) registries. Only patients with an IE affecting the aortic valve prosthesis were included. A 1:1 paired matching approach was used to compare patients with TAVR and SAVR. Results A total of 1688 patients were included. Of them, 602 (35.7%) had a surgical bioprosthesis (SB), 666 (39.5%) a mechanical prosthesis, 70 (4.2%) a homograft, and 350 (20.7%) a transcatheter heart valve. In the SAVR versus TAVR matched population, the rate of new moderate or severe aortic regurgitation was higher in the SB group (43.4% vs 13.5%; P & lt; .001), and fewer vegetations were diagnosed in the SB group (62.5% vs 82%; P & lt; .001). Patients with an SB had a higher rate of perivalvular extension (47.9% vs 27%; P & lt; .001) and Staphylococcus aureus was less common in this group (13.4% vs 22%; P = .033). Despite a higher rate of surgery in patients with SB (44.4% vs 27.3%; P & lt; .001), 1-year mortality was similar (SB: 46.5%; TAVR: 44.8%; log-rank P = .697). Conclusions Clinical presentation, type of causative microorganism, and treatment differed between patients with an IE located on SB compared with TAVR. Despite these differences, both groups exhibited high and similar mortality at 1-year follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad464
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular genetic overlap between posttraumatic stress disorder and sleep phenotypes
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Sleep Vol. 43, No. 4 ( 2020-04-15)
    Details
    In: Sleep, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 43, No. 4 ( 2020-04-15)
    Abstract: Sleep problems are common, serving as both a predictor and symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with these bidirectional relationships well established in the literature. While both sleep phenotypes and PTSD are moderately heritable, there has been a paucity of investigation into potential genetic overlap between sleep and PTSD. Here, we estimate genetic correlations between multiple sleep phenotypes (including insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, and chronotype) and PTSD, using results from the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) to date of PTSD, as well as publicly available GWAS results for sleep phenotypes within UK Biobank data (23 variations, encompassing four main phenotypes). Methods Genetic correlations were estimated utilizing linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), an approach that uses GWAS summary statistics to compute genetic correlations across traits, and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to follow up on significant correlations. Results Significant, moderate genetic correlations were found between insomnia symptoms (rg range 0.36–0.49), oversleeping (rg range 0.32–0.44), undersleeping (rg range 0.48–0.49), and PTSD. In contrast, there were mixed results for continuous sleep duration and daytime sleepiness phenotypes, and chronotype was not correlated with PTSD. MR analyses did not provide evidence for casual effects of sleep phenotypes on PTSD. Conclusion Sleep phenotypes, particularly insomnia symptoms and extremes of sleep duration, have shared genetic etiology with PTSD, but causal relationships were not identified. This highlights the importance of further investigation into the overlapping influences on these phenotypes as sample sizes increase and new methods to investigate directionality and causality become available.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0161-8105 , 1550-9109
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz257
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056761-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A randomized controlled phase III study of VB-111 combined with bevacizumab vs bevacizumab monotherapy in patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GLOBE)
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2020-05-15), p. 705-717
    Details
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2020-05-15), p. 705-717
    Abstract: Ofranergene obadenovec (VB-111) is an anticancer viral therapy that demonstrated in a phase II study a survival benefit for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) who were primed with VB-111 monotherapy that was continued after progression with concomitant bevacizumab. Methods This pivotal phase III randomized, controlled trial compared the efficacy and safety of upfront combination of VB-111 and bevacizumab versus bevacizumab monotherapy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive VB-111 1013 viral particles every 8 weeks in combination with bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks (combination arm) or bevacizumab monotherapy (control arm). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Enrolled were 256 patients at 57 sites. Median exposure to VB-111 was 4 months. The study did not meet its primary or secondary goals. Median OS was 6.8 versus 7.9 months in the combination versus control arm (hazard ratio, 1.20; 95% CI: 0.91–1.59; P = 0.19) and ORR was 27.3% versus 21.9% (P = 0.26). A higher rate of grades 3–5 adverse events was reported in the combination arm (67% vs 40%), mainly attributed to a higher rate of CNS and flu-like/fever events. Trends for improved survival with combination treatment were seen in the subgroup of patients with smaller tumors and in patients who had a posttreatment febrile reaction. Conclusions In this study, upfront concomitant administration of VB-111 and bevacizumab failed to improve outcomes in rGBM. Change of treatment regimen, with the lack of VB-111 monotherapy priming, may explain the differences from the favorable phase II results. Clinical trials registration NCT02511405
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz232
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094060-9
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Non-trough adalimumab and certolizumab drug levels associated with a therapeutic EULAR response in adherent patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Rheumatology Vol. 62, No. 6 ( 2023-06-01), p. 2090-2097
    Details
    In: Rheumatology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 62, No. 6 ( 2023-06-01), p. 2090-2097
    Abstract: Interventions aimed at increasing TNF-α inhibitor serum drug levels (SDLs) may improve treatment response; however, previous studies suggesting SDL cut-offs have not accounted for treatment adherence. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between adalimumab/certolizumab SDLs and EULAR good vs non-/moderate response and to define SDL cut-offs associated with good response in fully adherent patients. Methods In a prospective observational study, 475 patients with RA were treated with certolizumab (n = 192) or adalimumab (n = 283). At baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months, patients had 28-joint DAS, self-reported treatment adherence and SDLs measured. Fully adherent patients were analysed as a subgroup. Follow-up data at 3, 6 and 12 months were analysed separately. Median SDLs were compared in good vs non-/moderate response patients and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to establish cut-off SDLs. Results Fully adherent good responders had significantly higher median adalimumab/certolizumab SDLs compared with non-/moderate responders (P = 0.04 and P = 0.0005, respectively). ROC analysis reported 3 month non-trough adalimumab SDLs discriminated good vs non-/moderate response with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.63 (95% CI 0.52, 0.75), with a cut-off of 7.5 mg/l being 39.1% specific and 80.9% sensitive. Similarly, 3 month non-trough certolizumab SDLs discriminated good vs non-/moderate response with an AUC of 0.65 (95% CI 0.51, 0.78), with a cut-off of 26.0 mg/l being 43.9% specific and 77.8% sensitive. Conclusion In fully adherent patients, higher SDLs are detected in good responders, suggesting that interventions to improve SDLs, such as encouraging adherence, could improve treatment response. The 3 month non-trough SDL cut-offs of 7.5 mg/l for adalimumab and 26.0 mg/l for certolizumab may be useful in clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-0324 , 1462-0332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac564
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474143-X
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with reduced response and lower treatment persistence with TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  Rheumatology Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2024-03-01), p. 648-656
    Details
    In: Rheumatology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2024-03-01), p. 648-656
    Abstract: To investigate the association between socioeconomic deprivation and outcomes following TNF inhibitor (TNFi) treatment. Methods Individuals commencing their first TNFi in the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register for RA (BSRBR-RA) and Biologics in RA Genetics and Genomics Study Syndicate (BRAGGSS) cohort were included. Socioeconomic deprivation was proxied using the Index of Multiple Deprivation and categorized as 20% most deprived, middle 40% or 40% least deprived. DAS28-derived outcomes at 6 months (BSRBR-RA) and 3 months (BRAGGSS) were compared using regression models with the least deprived as referent. Risks of all-cause and cause-specific drug discontinuation were compared using Cox models in the BSRBR-RA. Additional analyses adjusted for lifestyle factors (e.g. smoking, BMI) as potential mediators. Results 16 085 individuals in the BSRBR-RA were included (mean age 56 years, 76% female), of whom 18%, 41% and 41% were in the most, middle and least deprived groups, respectively. Of 3459 included in BRAGGSS (mean age 57, 77% female), proportions were 22%, 36% and 41%, respectively. The most deprived group had 0.3-unit higher 6-month DAS28 (95% CI 0.22, 0.37) and were less likely to achieve low disease activity (odds ratio [OR] 0.76; 95% CI 0.68, 0.84) in unadjusted models. Results were similar for 3-month DAS28 (β = 0.23; 95% CI 0.11, 0.36) and low disease activity (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63, 0.94). The most deprived were more likely to discontinue treatment (hazard ratio 1.18; 95% CI 1.12, 1.25), driven by ineffectiveness rather than adverse events. Adjusted estimates were generally attenuated. Conclusion Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with reduced response to TNFi. Improvements in determinants of health other than lifestyle factors are needed to address socioeconomic inequities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-0324 , 1462-0332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead261
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474143-X
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Clinical Features, Survival, and Burden of Toxicities in Survivors More Than One Year After Lung Cancer Immunotherapy
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  The Oncologist Vol. 27, No. 11 ( 2022-11-03), p. 971-981
    Details
    In: The Oncologist, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 27, No. 11 ( 2022-11-03), p. 971-981
    Abstract: Anti-PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) improve survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). The clinical features, survival, and burden of toxicities of patients with aNSCLC alive & gt;1 year from ICI initiation are poorly understood. Materials and Methods We defined ICI survivors as patients alive & gt;1 year after ICI start and retrospectively reviewed demographics, treatment, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Long-term irAEs were defined as ongoing irAEs lasting & gt;1 year; burden of toxicity measures were based on percentage of days a patient experienced toxicity. Using linear and logistic regression, we evaluated association between demographics and disease characteristics with burden of toxicity. Results We identified 114 ICI survivors from 317 patients with aNSCLC. Half (52%) experienced an irAE of any grade, and 23.7% developed long-term irAEs. More ICI survivors with irAES in the first year had never smoked (P = .018) or received ICIs as frontline therapy (P = .015). The burden of toxicity in the first year significantly correlated with the burden of toxicity afterward (ρ = 0.72; P & lt; .001). No patients with progressive disease had a high burden of toxicity, and they experienced 30.6% fewer days with toxicity than those with stable disease. Increased duration of therapy was associated with higher odds of experiencing toxicity. Half of ICI survivors with irAEs were still receiving treatment for unresolved irAEs at time of death or last follow-up. Conclusion Significant proportions of ICI survivors have unresolved long-term toxicities. These data support a growing need to understand long-term toxicity to optimize management of those treated with ICIs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1083-7159 , 1549-490X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac140
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2023829-0
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