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  • 2020-2024  (6)
  • 1940-1944  (2)
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  • 1
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    The Virgo O3 run and the impact of the environment (2022)
    IOP
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-03
    Description: Sources of geophysical noise (such as wind, sea waves and earthquakes) or of anthropogenic noise impact ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors, causing transient sensitivity worsening and gaps in data taking. During the one year-long third observing run (O3: from April 01, 2019 to March 27, 2020), the Virgo Collaboration collected a statistically significant dataset, used in this article to study the response of the detector to a variety of environmental conditions. We correlated environmental parameters to global detector performance, such as observation range, duty cycle and control losses. Where possible, we identified weaknesses in the detector that will be used to elaborate strategies in order to improve Virgo robustness against external disturbances for the next data taking period, O4, currently planned to start at the end of 2022. The lessons learned could also provide useful insights for the design of the next generation of ground-based interferometers.
    Description: Published
    Description: 235009
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Gravitational waves ; ambient noise ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indikatoren (1941)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 121 (1941), S. 360-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01393424
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indikatoren (1940)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 120 (1940), S. 99-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407704
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
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    Investigating the factors responsible for the variance of S2S wind speed forecasts over India in the C3S Multi-model Ensemble (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-18
    Description: This study employs a two-way unbalanced analysis of variance (ANOVA) to investigate the factors responsible for the variance of subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) scale monthly mean 10 m wind speed forecasts in the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) multi-model ensemble (MME). The MME consists of the following six ocean-atmosphere coupled models: SEAS5, GCFS 2.0, Météo-France's System 6 (MF-6), CFSv2, GloSea5 GC2-LI, and SPS3. The study regions are the seven homogenous climate zones of India. The time-period spans from 1994-2016 and ANOVA is applied individually to 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 months lead time forecasts of all twelve months of the year i.e. January through December. Results show that across all lead times, the highest fraction of the MME variance is due to the inter-model biases. The variance due to the residual error term is the second highest contributor to MME variance, followed by the near-similar contributions from variances due to the time-varying behaviour of the models and the differences due to initial conditions. This behaviour is consistent across all the lead times. Overall, contributions to MME variance from the errors are low during the monsoon months. The MME 10 m wind speed forecasts all round the year show high potential predictability, which drops with increasing lead time. This decrease in potential predictability with lead time can be explained by the increase in the fraction of MME variance due to residual error.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 5
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    Scientific drilling and borehole investigations to study physico-mechanical properties of fault damage zones: a case from Koyna seismogenic zone, India (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-28
    Description: Knowledge of physical and mechanical properties of subsurface faults is important for understanding the processes responsible for seismogenesis in a region. However, sampling of subsurface faults is quite challenging. Scientific drilling and downhole geophysical logging in active fault zones provide access to fault zone samples from depth as well as direct measurements of in-situ physical properties, leading to substantially improved characterization of such zones. Here, we demonstrate the wealth of information obtained from scientific drilling down to 3 km depth in the Koyna seismogenic zone and their implications for seismogenesis. Geophysical well log data has shown several fault damage zones in the basement which are characterized by low electrical resistivity, low bulk density, high neutron porosity, low Vp and Vs, high Poisson’s ratio and low Young’s modulus compared to the surrounding host rocks, especially below a depth of 2100 m. The data also reveal the presence of water-bearing horizons across most of the fault damage zones, indicating clear evidence of water percolation to deeper levels. Additionally, laboratory derived rock mechanical properties of intact and fault damage zone rocks also show significant variations in strength and static elastic properties of fault zone rocks from the intact host rock. Uniaxial cyclic loading tests on intact granitic rocks, located just above a fault zone, shows that elastic properties corresponding to the loading cycle close to failure is consistent with the elastic properties of the fault damage zone materials. The in-situ and laboratory datasets shed new light on the recurrent RTS in the region.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 6
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    Simulating and Predicting Geomagnetic Storms due to CME-Magnetosphere Interactions (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-31
    Description: Space weather is regulated by dynamic phenomena in the Sun. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are one of its manifestations. Interactions between the Earth's magnetosphere and CMEs can trigger geomagnetic storms in our space environment. CMEs are massive plasma ejections embedded in magnetic fields from the Sun's outer atmosphere. They can cause temporal disturbances in the Earth's magnetic field significantly impacting ground and space-based technologies. To better comprehend the effects of interplanetary counterparts of CMEs (ICMEs) on the Earth's magnetosphere, the 3D magnetohydrodynamic STORM Interaction (CESSI-STORMI) module was created at CESSI. The module performs data-driven simulations to assess the impact of these CMEs on the Earth's magnetosphere and provides an estimate of their geoeffectiveness relying upon fundamental physics and certain idealisations. The estimated values obtained from these simulations are in close agreement with the Dst values of past events. Our simulations also provide a physical interpretation of the dynamics associated with the ICME-forced geospace in three dimensions. Predicting the impact of CMEs remains a challenging task due to the limited time window that is available from in-situ observations near Earth and the vast computational cost of available complex models. The CESSI-STORMI module has the potential to significantly extend the time window for predicting the severity of geomagnetic storms.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 7
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    Recurrent reservoir triggered seismicity in Koyna, western India for the past six decades: What keeps it going? (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-03
    Description: Triggered seismicity in the Koyna region, starting soon after the impoundment of Shivajisagar water reservoir in 1962, has continued to this day. The activity, confined to 20 km x 30 km area and 10 km depth, is modulated by the annual loading and unloading cycles of the Shivajisagar and nearby Warna reservoirs. The 1967 M6.3 Koyna earthquake caused a NNE-trending surface rupture zone near Donichawadi, along which seismic activity in the past few decades is aligned.To investigate the recurrent seismicity, a 3 km deep scientific borehole was drilled in the vicinity of the Donichawadi fault. Downhole measurements of physical and mechanical properties, borehole images, and composition of formation gases in the deep crystalline basement, combined with seismological data and laboratory geological and rock mechanical datasets provide new insights on the underlying conditions favouring recurrent seismicity: (i) Helium concentrations in the borehole suggest that the subsurface fault damage zones potentially associated with the Donichawadi fault. (ii) Drill core samples show evidences of repeated brittle deformations (iii) Water bearing zones are identified at multiple depths, providing strong evidence for percolation of water to deeper levels. (iv) Stress regime and earthquake focal mechanisms support transitional strike-slip to normal faulting environment. (v) The presence of optimally oriented, critically stressed and hydraulically conductive fractures creates conducive conditions for reactivation of faults with small changes in fluid pressure and/or frictional strength.(vi) Strain budget estimates from seismological and GPS data suggest that release of strain energy in terms of earthquake activity may continue for a longer time.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 8
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    Scientific deep drilling in Koyna seismogenic zone (India) and geomicrobiological investigations: Insights into deep life and new opportunities (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-07
    Description: Scientific deep drilling in the Koyna seismogenic zone (Koyna, India), sheds new light into the prokaryotic denizens of the deep, dark, igneous crust hosted biosphere, spanning the basaltic formations of Cretaceous volcanism to the Archaean granitic horizon (59-2913 mbs) of the Deccan Traps. These enigmatic polyextremophilic oligotrophic microorganisms possess unique genetic traits that allow chemolithoautotrophic metabolism under conditions of high temperature, pressure and severe energy and nutrient limitations while driving biogeochemical cycles of carbon and other elements. Obligately anaerobic acetogenic and microaerophilic hydrogenotrophic bacteria were enriched from these rocks using specialised nutrient media under high temperature (50-70 ℃) and CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 concentration (2-12% v/v). Their ability to assimilate hot CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 gas and metabolize gaseous H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉was investigated. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and predictive phenotyping have revealed the most abundant and metabolically productive genera to include Moorella, Bacillus, Anarobranca, Thermoacetogenia, Thermonaeromonas, Desulfofundulus, Desulfovibrio and Paracoccus. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States 2 (PICRUSt2) analysis identified the most abundant autotrophic carbon fixation pathways to be reverse Krebs cycle, Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle and Wood-Ljungdahl pathway; and major biosynthetic products as medium- and short-chain fatty acids, alcohols and antibiotics. Our research provides new insights into the geomicrobiological processes within the active seismogenic zone of Koyna and their possible correlation with various subsurface geophysical and geochemical properties. The study provides a better understanding of the overall system of such important geological provinces, highlighting the role of microorganisms and developing improved geomicrobiological methods to study such crystalline deep biosphere.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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