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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Duncker & Humblot
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (103 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783428427581
    Series Statement: Schriften des Rheinisch-Westfälischen Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung
    Language: German
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: River water is the main source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Arctic Ocean. DOC plays an important role in the Arctic carbon cycle, and its export from land to sea is expected to increase as ongoing climate change accelerates permafrost thaw. However, transport pathways and transformation of DOC in the land-to-ocean transition are mostly unknown. We collected DOC and aCDOM(λ) samples from 11 expeditions to river, coastal and offshore waters and present a new DOC–aCDOM(λ) model for the fluvial–marine transition zone in the Laptev Sea. The aCDOM(λ) characteristics revealed that the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples of this dataset are primarily of terrigenous origin. Observed changes in aCDOM(443) and its spectral slopes indicate that DOM is modified by microbial and photo-degradation. Ocean colour remote sensing (OCRS) provides the absorption coefficient of coloured dissolved organic matter (aCDOM(λ)sat) at λ=440 or 443 nm, which can be used to estimate DOC concentration at high temporal and spatial resolution over large regions. We tested the statistical performance of five OCRS algorithms and evaluated the plausibility of the spatial distribution of derived aCDOM(λ)sat. The OLCI (Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) neural network swarm (ONNS) algorithm showed the best performance compared to in situ aCDOM(440) (r2=0.72). Additionally, we found ONNS-derived aCDOM(440), in contrast to other algorithms, to be partly independent of sediment concentration, making ONNS the most suitable aCDOM(λ)sat algorithm for the Laptev Sea region. The DOC–aCDOM(λ) model was applied to ONNS-derived aCDOM(440), and retrieved DOC concentration maps showed moderate agreement to in situ data (r2=0.53). The in situ and satellite-retrieved data were offset by up to several days, which may partly explain the weak correlation for this dynamic region. Satellite-derived surface water DOC concentration maps from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data demonstrate rapid removal of DOC within short time periods in coastal waters of the Laptev Sea, which is likely caused by physical mixing and different types of degradation processes. Using samples from all occurring water types leads to a more robust DOC–aCDOM(λ) model for the retrievals of DOC in Arctic shelf and river waters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: To provide an observational basis for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projections of a slowing Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the 21st century, the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP) observing system was launched in the summer of 2014. The first 21-month record reveals a highly variable overturning circulation responsible for the majority of the heat and freshwater transport across the OSNAP line. In a departure from the prevailing view that changes in deep water formation in the Labrador Sea dominate MOC variability, these results suggest that the conversion of warm, salty, shallow Atlantic waters into colder, fresher, deep waters that move southward in the Irminger and Iceland basins is largely responsible for overturning and its variability in the subpolar basin.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-31
    Description: River water is the main source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Arctic Ocean. DOC plays an important role in the Arctic carbon cycle, and its export from land to sea is expected to increase as ongoing climate change accelerates permafrost thaw. However, transport pathways and transformation of DOC in the land-to-ocean transition are mostly unknown. We collected DOC and aCDOM(λ) samples from 11 expeditions to river, coastal and offshore waters and present a new DOC–aCDOM(λ) model for the fluvial–marine transition zone in the Laptev Sea. The aCDOM(λ) characteristics revealed that the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples of this dataset are primarily of terrigenous origin. Observed changes in aCDOM(443) and its spectral slopes indicate that DOM is modified by microbial and photo-degradation. Ocean colour remote sensing (OCRS) provides the absorption coefficient of coloured dissolved organic matter (aCDOM(λ)sat) at λ=440 or 443 nm, which can be used to estimate DOC concentration at high temporal and spatial resolution over large regions. We tested the statistical performance of five OCRS algorithms and evaluated the plausibility of the spatial distribution of derived aCDOM(λ)sat. The OLCI (Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument) neural network swarm (ONNS) algorithm showed the best performance compared to in situ aCDOM(440) (r2=0.72). Additionally, we found ONNS-derived aCDOM(440), in contrast to other algorithms, to be partly independent of sediment concentration, making ONNS the most suitable aCDOM(λ)sat algorithm for the Laptev Sea region. The DOC–aCDOM(λ) model was applied to ONNS-derived aCDOM(440), and retrieved DOC concentration maps showed moderate agreement to in situ data (r2=0.53). The in situ and satellite-retrieved data were offset by up to several days, which may partly explain the weak correlation for this dynamic region. Satellite-derived surface water DOC concentration maps from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data demonstrate rapid removal of DOC within short time periods in coastal waters of the Laptev Sea, which is likely caused by physical mixing and different types of degradation processes. Using samples from all occurring water types leads to a more robust DOC–aCDOM(λ) model for the retrievals of DOC in Arctic shelf and river waters.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Juhls, Bennet; Overduin, Pier Paul; Hölemann, Jens A; Hieronymi, Martin; Matsuoka, Atsushi; Heim, Birgit; Fischer, Jürgen (2019): Dissolved organic matter at the fluvial–marine transition in the Laptev Sea using in situ data and ocean colour remote sensing. Biogeosciences, 16(13), 2693-2713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2693-2019
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: River water is the main source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Arctic Ocean. DOC plays and important role in the Arctic carbon cycle and its export from land to sea is expected to increase with accelerated permafrost thaw with ongoing climate change. However, transport ways and transformation of DOC is mostly unknown. The absorption coefficient by colored dissolved organic matter (aCDOM) which can be used to estimate DOC concentration. In this study, we compiled DOC and aCDOM samples from 11 expeditions covering river, coastal and offshore waters. Water samples for DOC analysis were filtered through 0.7µm GF/F filter and acidified with 25 µL HCl suprapur (10 M) right after sampling. Samples were stored cool and dark for transport. DOC concentrations were measured using high temperature catalytic oxidation (TOC-VCPH, Shimadzu). Three measurements of each sample were averaged and after each 10 samples, a blank and a standard (Battle-02, Mauri-09 or Super-05 certified reference material from National Laboratory for Environmental Testing, Canada) were measured to sustain a quality control. Samples for aCDOM(λ) analysis were filtered through 0.22 µm Millipore GSWP filters (Gonçalves-Araujo et al., 2015, Lena 2016, Bykovksy 2017) or 0.7 µm Whatman GF/F (LD10, YS11, VB13, VB14, Lena 2014, Lena 2015) right after sampling. 100 ml filtrate was stored cool and dark in amber glass bottles until further analysis. aCDOM(λ) was measured with spectrophotometer (SPECORD 200, Analytik Jena) by measuring the absorbance (Aλ) in 1 nm intervals between 200 and 750 nm. The resulting absorbance measurements were then applied to a standard equation aCDOM (λ)=(2.303*A_λ)/L, where L is the path length (length of cuvette), to calculate the aCDOM(λ). Fresh Milli-Q water was used as reference. The cuvette length varied depending on the expected absorption in the sampled water (1 or 5 cm for river or coastal waters, 5 or 10 cm for offshore shelf waters). Resulting aCDOM spectra were corrected for baseline offsets by subtracting the absorption at 700 nm, assuming zero absorption at 700 nm.
    Keywords: AWI_Envi; AWI_Perma; Laptev Sea System; LSS; Permafrost Research; Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 11 datasets
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