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  • Wiley  (18)
  • Li, An  (18)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tin Nanoparticles–Enhanced Optical Transportation in Branched CdS Nanowire Waveguides
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Advanced Optical Materials Vol. 6, No. 17 ( 2018-09)
    Details
    In: Advanced Optical Materials, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 17 ( 2018-09)
    Abstract: High‐efficiency multichannel waveguiding components are desirable for integrated photonic systems to realize optical information processing and communication interconnection. Although different branched micro‐/nanostructures have been used as nanoscale multichannel waveguides, the propagation losses from their junctions are very high, which limits their applications in on‐chip photonic systems. Here, a new cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanowire branched heterostructure, with tin (Sn) nanoparticles implanted in its junctions, is achieved via a single‐step vapor deposition method. The self‐organized formation process of this structure is well investigated, through step‐by‐step observations during the growth. The implanted Sn nanoparticles in the junctions can act as strong light‐scattering centers, greatly improving the optical transportation from the backbone to the branches of the structure. Contrasting experiments demonstrate that the light‐guiding efficiency in the heterostructured nanowire branch waveguide is 20 times higher than that of the branched structures without Sn nanoparticles. Theoretical simulations further demonstrate the existence of Sn nanoparticles can greatly enhance the light scattering at the junctions and improve the light‐guiding performance. This kind of Sn‐CdS nanowire branched heterostructures may find promising applications for integrated photonic devices and systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2195-1071 , 2195-1071
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adom.v6.17
    DOI: 10.1002/adom.201800305
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2708158-8
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Development of a compact linear accelerator to generate ultrahigh dose rate high‐energy X‐rays for FLASH radiotherapy applications
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Medical Physics Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 1680-1698
    Details
    In: Medical Physics, Wiley, Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 1680-1698
    Abstract: In recent years, the FLASH effect, in which ultrahigh dose rate (UHDR) radiotherapy (RT) can significantly reduce toxicity to normal tissue while maintaining antitumor efficacy, has been verified in many studies and even applied in human clinical cases. This work evaluates whether a room‐temperature radio‐frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) system can produce UHDR high‐energy X‐rays exceeding a dose rate of 40 Gy/s at a clinical source‐surface distance (SSD), exploring the possibility of a compact and economical clinical FLASH RT machine suitable for most hospital treatmentrooms. Methods A 1.65 m long S‐band backward‐traveling‐wave (BTW) electron linac was developed to generate high‐current electron beams, supplied by a commercial klystron‐based power source. A tungsten‐copper electron‐to‐photon conversion target for UHDR X‐rays was designed and optimized with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations using Geant4 and thermal finite element analysis (FEA) simulations using ANSYS. EBT3 and EBT‐XD radiochromic films, which were calibrated with a clinical machine Varian VitalBeam, were used for absolute dose measurements. A PTW ionization chamber detector was used to measure the relative total dose and a plane‐parallel ionization chamber detector was used to measure the relative normalized dose of each pulse. Results The BTW linac generated 300‐mA‐pulse‐current 11 MeV electron beams with 29 kW mean beam power, and the conversion target could sustain this high beam power within a maximum irradiation duration of 0.75 s. The mean energy of the produced X‐rays was 1.66 MeV in the MC simulation. The measured flat‐filter‐free (FFF) maximum mean dose rate of the room‐temperature linac exceeded 80 Gy/s at an SSD of 50 cm and 45 Gy/s at an SSD of 67.9 cm, both at a 2.1 cm depth of the water phantom. The FFF radiation fields at 50 cm and 67.9 cm SSD at a 2.1 cm depth of the water phantom showed Gaussian‐like distributions with 14.3 and 20 cm full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) values, respectively. Conclusion This work demonstrated the feasibility of UHDR X‐rays produced by a room‐temperature RF linac, and explored the further optimization of system stability. It shows that a simple and compact UHDR X‐ray solution can be facilitated for both FLASH‐RT scientific research and clinical applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-2405 , 2473-4209
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mp.v50.3
    DOI: 10.1002/mp.16199
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466421-5
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  • 3
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    Regulating droplet impact symmetry by surface engineering
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Droplet Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2023-04)
    Details
    In: Droplet, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2023-04)
    Abstract: Droplet impact on solid surfaces is essential both in nature and industry. Precisely regulating the dynamic behavior of droplet impact is of great significance for energy harvesting, anti‐icing, inkjet printing, pesticide spraying, and many other fields. Various rebounding behaviors (deposition, rebounding, rotation, instability control, and so on) and rebounding intrinsic parameters (such as contact time) after droplets impacting on solid surfaces can be regulated by surface engineering. This paper reviews the advances in regulating droplet impact behavior from the perspective of symmetry by modifying solid surfaces from the following aspects: chemical modification and physical structure regulation, in which the symmetry is discussed from mirror symmetry and rotational symmetry. Firstly, the symmetry of the droplet impact dynamics and its influencing factors are introduced. Then the modulation of droplet impact symmetry, using homogeneous and heterogeneous chemically modified solid surfaces, is summarized. The following presents the influence of physical structures, from micro to macro scale compared to the droplet size, on the droplet impact symmetry. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities of the droplet impact behavior regulation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2731-4375 , 2731-4375
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/dro2.v2.2
    DOI: 10.1002/dro2.52
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 4
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    Robustly Inorganic Solar Steam Generator Derived from Hollow Glass Microspheres Based Composites for Desalination
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Solar RRL Vol. 5, No. 12 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Solar RRL, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 12 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Solar steam generation (SSG) offers a clean and sustainable way to produce freshwater from seawater or polluted water by harvesting solar energy. However, it remains a great challenge to integrate all the desired functions in a single evaporation system by using low‐cost materials and simple methods. Herein, we report the design and fabrication of a novel inorganic solar steam evaporator (PPy‐HGMAM) through binding the building block of hollow glass microspheres (HGM) and pore‐forming material of melamine sponge (MS) with interconnection network structure by aluminum dihydrogen phosphate adhesive followed by coating of polypyrrole (PPy) as light absorption layer for efficient SSG. With the merits of high porosity, low thermal conductivity both in the wet (0.107 W m −1  k −1 ) and dry (0.056 W m −1  k −1 ) states, super‐hydrophilicity, and strong light absorption (92%), the as‐prepared porous PPy‐HGMAM shows high energy conversion efficiency (92.9%) and evaporation rate (1.56 kg m −2  h −1 ) under 1 sun (1 kW m −2 ) illumination, as well as excellent salt‐resistance performance. Combined with its high mechanical strength, self‐floating ability, environment‐friendly, and low cost, along with simple and scalable preparation method, our inorganic PPy‐HGMAM evaporator may hold the great potential for practical large‐scale application in SSG.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-198X , 2367-198X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.v5.12
    DOI: 10.1002/solr.202100771
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2882014-9
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  • 5
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    Thermally Stable and Well‐Defined Pentadiene‐Derived Copolymers Prepared by Anionic Alternating Copolymerization and Subsequent Controlled Postmodification
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics Vol. 221, No. 16 ( 2020-08)
    Details
    In: Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, Wiley, Vol. 221, No. 16 ( 2020-08)
    Abstract: Thermally stable and well‐defined hydrocarbon polymers prepared via anionic alternating copolymerization of 1,3‐pentadiene (P monomer: trans (TP) and cis (CP) mixture) and styrene derivatives (S monomer: styrene (St) and 1,1‐diphenylethylene (DPE)) and subsequent hydrogenation and cationic cyclization modifications are reported. The TP/S/CP terpolymerization reveals that an incorporation of S‐ alt ‐CP sequence into the alternating chain is more favorable, while the S‐ alt ‐TP insertion is also possible especially under high temperature owing to their competitive energy barriers and thermodynamic properties. Then the resultant copolymers with equimolar amount of the two monomers and predominant linear units are intramolecularly cyclized with CF 3 SO 3 H, or hydrogenated with p‐toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, to afford soluble and thermally stable hydrocarbon polymers with controlled Mns and narrow Đ M s. The T g of cylized polymer increases dramatically (Δ T g   〉 100 °C) on cyclization between the adjacent CC bond in the P structure and the aromatic ring of S unit through the intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation. On the other hand, the T g of hydrogenated product slightly decreases (Δ T g ≈ 10 °C) after 98% hydrogenation due to the increasing flexibility of the saturated main‐chain, while the Td increases about 60 °C due to the loss of CC bonds under oxygen atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1022-1352 , 1521-3935
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/macp.v221.16
    DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000161
    RVK:
    VA 5810
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475026-0
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  • 6
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    Keggin‐type Heteropolyacids‐Catalyzed Selective Hydrothermal Oxidation of Microalgae for Low Nitrogen Biofuel Production
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  ChemSusChem Vol. 13, No. 22 ( 2020-11-20), p. 6016-6027
    Details
    In: ChemSusChem, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 22 ( 2020-11-20), p. 6016-6027
    Abstract: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae for biofuel production is suffering from low bio‐oil yield and high heteroatomic compositions owing to their low efficiency and selectivity to hydrolysis of cellular compounds. Hereby we report Keggin‐type (Mo−V−P) heteropolyacids (HPAs)‐catalyzed HTL of microalgae for efficient low‐nitrogen biocrude production. The increases of reaction temperature, reaction time, and vanadium substitution degrees of HPAs are favorable to biocrude yield initially, whereas a significant decrease of biocrude yield is observed owing to the enhanced oxidation of carbohydrates above the optimum reaction conditions. The maximum biocrude yield of HPAs‐catalyzed HTL of microalgae is 29.95 % at reaction temperature of 300 °C, reaction time of 2 h, and 5 wt% of HPA‐4, which is about 19.66 % higher than that of control with 71.17 % less N‐containing compounds, including 1,3‐propanediamine, 1‐pentanamine, and 2, 2’‐heptamethylene‐di‐2‐imidazoline than that of control. This work reveals that HPAs with Brønsted acidity and reversible redox properties are capable of both enhancing biocrude production via catalyzing the hydrolysis of cellular compounds and reducing their nitrogen content through avoiding the Maillard reactions between the intermediates of hydrolysis of carbohydrates and proteins. HPAs‐catalyzed HTL is an efficient strategy to produce low N‐containing biofuels, possibly paving the way of their direct use in modern motors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1864-5631 , 1864-564X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/cssc.v13.22
    DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001817
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411405-4
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  • 7
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    Macromol. Chem. Phys. 14/2012
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics Vol. 213, No. 14 ( 2012-07-26), p. 1409-1409
    Details
    In: Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, Wiley, Vol. 213, No. 14 ( 2012-07-26), p. 1409-1409
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1022-1352 , 1521-3935
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/macp.v213.14
    DOI: 10.1002/macp.201290042
    RVK:
    VA 5810
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 8
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    Sex differences in the association between dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry‐measured body composition and periodontitis
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Periodontology
    Details
    In: Journal of Periodontology, Wiley
    Abstract: A positive association between obesity based on body mass index (BMI) and periodontitis has been reported. Fat tissue‐related systemic inflammation acts as the link to periodontal comorbidities of obesity. However, the BMI is unable to distinguish fat and fat‐free tissues. More precise measures are required to evaluate body composition, including fat and fat‐free tissues. This study aimed to determine the sex differences in the association between dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA)‐measured body composition (i.e., fat mass and muscle mass) and phenotypes with periodontitis. Methods Cross‐sectional data of 3892 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study 2011‒2014 were analyzed. Adiposity indices (fat mass index [FMI] and percentage body fat [%BF] ) and muscle mass index (MMI) were calculated. The participants were categorized by the quintiles of FMI, MMI, and %BF. Body composition phenotypes were categorized as: low adiposity‐low muscle (LA‐LM), low adiposity‐high muscle (LA‐HM), high adiposity‐low muscle (HA‐LM), or high adiposity‐high muscle (HA‐HM), respectively. Periodontitis was defined by the CDC/AAP (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology) criteria. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted, stratified by sex. We further adjusted for white blood cell (WBC) counts in the sensitivity analysis. Results Restricted cubic splines revealed non‐linear associations between body composition indices and periodontitis risk. Women with a higher FMI (odds ratio for Q5 vs. Q1 [OR Q5vs1 ] = 1.787, 95% confidence interval: 1.209–2.640) or %BF (OR Q5vs1  = 2.221, 1.509–3.268) had increased odds of periodontitis. In addition, women with HA‐LM phenotype were more likely to develop periodontitis (OR = 1.528, 1.037–2.252). Interestingly, the WBC count, a systemic inflammatory biomarker, attenuated these associations. No statistically significant associations were found in men. Conclusions The association between DXA‐measured body composition and phenotypes with periodontitis differs per sex. Only in women higher adiposity indices and HA‐LM phenotype were associated with an increased risk of periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3492 , 1943-3670
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/JPER.23-0162
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040047-0
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  • 9
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    Effects of surface modification with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane on structure and mechanical property of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polycarbonate composites
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Polymer Composites Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 2016-06), p. 1914-1923
    Details
    In: Polymer Composites, Wiley, Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 2016-06), p. 1914-1923
    Abstract: Hydroxyl functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (H‐MWNTs) were silanized using 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) in order to improve the dispersion and interfacial interaction in composites. MWNT/polycarbonate (PC) composites filled with H‐MWNTs and silanized MWNTs (S‐MWNTs) were fabricated by melt mixing and injection molding. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and energy dispersion X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to prove the presence of APTES on the surface of S‐MWNTs. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to evaluate the relative amount of introduced APTES. The microstructure and mechanical property of both composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), tensile test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The SEM and TEM images showed that S‐MWNT/PC composites had better dispersion and interfacial adhesion than H‐MWNT/PC composites. A reinforcing and toughening effect on tensile behavior of composites was obtained after silane functionalization. The storage modulus of composites increased markedly as a function of MWNTs content, especially for the composites with S‐MWNTs. In summary, the silanization can improve the dispersion of MWNTs and the interfacial adhesion between MWNTs and PC so as to enhance the mechanical properties of composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:1914–1923, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-8397 , 1548-0569
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/pc.v37.6
    DOI: 10.1002/pc.23370
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475935-4
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  • 10
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    Preparation of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/attapulgite superabsorbent composite
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol. 98, No. 3 ( 2005-11-05), p. 1351-1357
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Wiley, Vol. 98, No. 3 ( 2005-11-05), p. 1351-1357
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8995 , 1097-4628
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/app.v98:3
    DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628
    DOI: 10.1002/app.22302
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491105-X
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