Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Eutrophication in coastal marine ecosystems: towards better understanding and management strategies -- About the symposium -- Eutrophication research and management-the Danish connection -- About this Special Issue -- References -- Eutrophication and the macroscope -- Eutrophication -- The eutrophication generation -- Coastal marine oligotrophication? -- The intersection of two great inquiries in marine ecology -- The agricultural model -- Of ducks and dead zones-why didn't we see it coming? -- The macroscope -- Phenology and eutrophication -- References -- Ecosystem thresholds with hypoxia -- Introduction -- Biogeochemical consequences -- Thresholds of ecosystem hypoxia -- Impact of global warming -- Future perspectives -- References -- Nutrient enrichment and fisheries exploitation: interactive effects on estuarine living resources and their management -- Introduction -- Interactions between nutrient enrichment and fishing effects -- Nutrient enrichment effects on fish and fisheries -- Production and mortality -- Sustainable fisheries landings and fisheries practices -- Restoring and managing fishes in estuaries and semi-enclosed seas -- New tools and approaches -- Conclusions -- References -- Assessment of the eutrophication status of transitional, coastal and marine waters within OSPAR -- Introduction -- Interaction of eutrophication processes -- Assessments and measures -- Towards a pan-European assessment strategy -- References -- Can the EU agri-environmental aid program be extended into the coastal zone to combat eutrophication? -- Introduction -- Mussel farming as an environmental measure-the Swedish experience -- Long-line farming -- First example of nutrient trading -- The EU agro-environmental aid program and mussel farming -- The market for mussels -- Food. , Feed and fertilizer -- Conclusions -- References -- Eutrophication and agriculture in Denmark: 20 years of experience and prospects for the future -- Introduction -- Danish agriculture and environmental policies -- Results from efforts in agriculture: lower nitrogen leaching-mission completed -- Benefits have not been without costs -- Future management of aquatic habitats-an urgent need for re-thinking -- References -- Odense Pilot River Basin: implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive in a shallow eutrophic estuary (Odense Fjord, Denmark) and its upstream catchment -- Introduction -- Odense River Basin -- Characteristics and environmental status of Odense Fjord -- Pressures and impact analysis -- Odense Fjord-reference conditions, classification and assessment -- Reference conditions -- Historical data -- Empirical modelling -- Numerical modelling -- Classification and assessment -- Odense Fjord-risk analysis -- Odense River Basin-programme of measures -- Cost-effectiveness analysis -- Scenarios -- A Baltic perspective -- Conclusions and recommendations -- Odense Pilot River Basin -- Water managers' challenge -- Legislation -- Resources -- Monitoring -- New technologies -- Climate change -- References -- Relationship between eutrophication reference conditions and boundary settings considering OSPAR recommendations and the Water Framework Directive-examples from the German Bight -- Introduction -- Boundary settings -- Differentiating boundary settings along salinity gradients -- Boundary settings and data variability -- Conclusions and perspectives -- References -- Modelling the distribution and growth of 'problem' green seaweed in the Medway estuary, UK -- Introduction -- Methods -- Study region -- Approach -- Hydrodynamics and nutrient transport -- Suitability index method -- Macroalgal growth model -- Vegetation cover -- Results. , Application of the suitability index method -- Application of the macroalgal model -- Discussion -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- Short-term effect of oxic to anoxic transition on benthic microbial activity and solute fluxes in organic-rich phytotreatment ponds -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Study area -- Water and sediment sampling, core maintenance, and incubation -- Sediment characterization -- Enzymatic activity -- Heterotrophic bacterial production -- Total prokaryotic abundance (TPA) and actively respiring cells (ARC) -- Analyses of solutes and particulate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus -- Statistical analyses -- Results -- General features of effluents and surface sediments -- Short-term effect of oxic to anoxic transition on the microbial activity -- Short-term effect of oxic to anoxic transition on the solute fluxes -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Denitrification efficiency for defining critical loads of carbon in shallow coastal ecosystems -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Exceptions to the rule -- Spatial and temporal variability within an individual system -- Critical carbon loading rates -- References -- Responses of benthic-pelagic coupling to climate change in a temperate estuary -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Site description -- Analytical methods -- Data analysis -- Results -- Oxygen uptake and nutrient fluxes -- Denitrification rates -- Discussion -- Ecological responses to climate change in narragansett Bay -- Implications for management -- References -- Potential phytoplankton indicator species for monitoring Baltic coastal waters in the summer period -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Phytoplankton analysis -- Data analysis -- Results -- Hydrological and nutrient conditions -- Dynamics of phytoplankton. , Relationships between abiotic and biotic variables -- Temporal variation in phytoplankton communities -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Using bio-optics to investigate the extent of coastal waters: A Swedish case study -- Introduction -- Area description -- The coastal zone and bio-optical properties -- Distribution of optical variables perpendicular to the coast -- Materials and methods -- Results -- Water samples -- Relationships among the variables -- Multiple regression analysis -- Synthesis-a coastal attenuation model -- Discussion -- Observations -- Correlations between optical components -- Model fit -- Conclusion -- References -- Identification of the coastal zone of the central and eastern Gulf of Finland by numerical modeling, measurements, and remote sensing of chlorophyll a -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Numerical model -- Measurement data -- Satellite imagery -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Interactions of light and organic matter under contrasting resource simulated environments: the importance of clonal traits in the seagrass Zostera noltii -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Sampling site -- Experimental design -- Plant growth -- Photosynthetic performance -- Elemental composition -- Statistical analysis -- Results -- Abiotic variables -- Plant dynamic parameters -- Photosynthetic performance (fluorescence) -- Tissue elemental composition -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Long-term modeling of large-scale nutrient cycles in the entire Baltic Sea -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Variables and interactions -- System of equations -- Parameterizations -- Driving forces -- Data for comparison -- Results -- Discussion -- Hindcast of the recent nutrient dynamics in the Baltic Sea -- A scenario simulation -- Conclusion -- References. , Response of eutrophication in the eastern Gulf of Finland to nutrient load reduction scenarios -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Results -- The reference run and model validation -- Nutrient reduction scenarios -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Modeling eutrophication and oligotrophication of shallow-water marine systems: the importance of sediments under stratified and well-mixed conditions -- Introduction -- Materials and methods -- Model description -- Water-column turbulence and sinking -- Pelagic biogeochemical model -- Sediment biogeochemical model -- Sediment parameters -- Submodel coupling -- Solving the coupled model -- Results -- Physical properties -- Water-column biogeochemistry -- Eutrophication gradient -- Sediment model -- Nutrient reduction scenarios -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Reference conditions for phytoplankton at Danish Water Framework Directive intercalibration sites -- References -- Coastal eutrophication research: a new awareness -- Introduction -- Challenges for coastal eutrophication research -- Coastal eutrophication as a component of global change -- References.